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Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol
THC and CBD are 2 of the most well known and scientifically researched cannabinoids of the Cannabis or hemp plant family. Cannabinoids are aromatic compounds in a sticky resin that are secreted by the trichomes of a Cannabis or marihuana plant. The resin also contains terpenes, which provide Cannabis its characteristic smell.
The resin with cannabinoids helps the plant in absorbing pollen for fertilization; it protects the buds of the flowering plant from heat, dehydration and harmful insects. After fertilization, the plant stops the production of resin.
In recent years, a lot of scientific research has been conducted on the functioning of THC and CBD in medical weed and medicinal Cannabis. Also from a political point of view, there was a need to map the health risks of THC and CBD at the turn of the century, as every time stronger marihuana species were created.
Especially THC is known for its psychoactive properties
In the early 1990s, an endogenous cannabinoid system in the human body was discovered. This system produces the neurotransmitter Anandamine in the human brain. This name is derived from the word Ananda which means bliss. Through this discovery people arrived at a better understanding how the THC and CBD interact with Anandamine and how CBD has certain counter effective properties on THC.
CBD in itself has hardly any influence on normal physiological processes. Only when the endogenous cannabinoid system is disturbed by a pain stimulus, a startle response or THC the CBD comes into effect.
Research has shown that the dosage, the CBD/THC ratio and the timing of administration is important for the final effects of CBD.
Especially THC is known for its psychoactive properties. CBD is known to weaken or eliminate the effects of THC and enhance the medicinal properties of THC.
Dutch marihuana contains hardly any CBD, which causes that any combined effect with THC also hardly occurs. In 2010 Dutch marihuana contained on average 0.2% CBD, while imported hashish contained on average 7.5% CBD.
Medicinal Cannabis
Recently, there are special medicinal marihuana species on the market with a high CBD value. The average THC value of medicinal weed species is lower than traditional species: the THC/CBD ratio is at least 1 : 1.